▼ Most small-and-medium size organizations are not able to perform energy conservation activities by their own because of lacks of technical skills and workers. Therefore, in 2009, the participatory energy conservation for Small-and- Medium size factories and commercial buildings (SMEs) was launched in order to educate and raise awareness of employees and workers in organizations regarding energy conservation. In this paper, the evaluation of the participatory energy conservation projects by SMEs both factories and commercial buildings have been presented. The energy conservation and energy management for 135 surveyed organizations (117 factories divided into 10 categories and 18 commercial buildings divided into 5 categories) were evaluated. There were 850 measures including 735 measures for electrical energy conservation and 115 measures for thermal energy conservation. The implementation of energy conservation measures resulted in energy savings that were estimated at 1,421.2143 toe/year or 4.60% of total energy consumption.

▼ In Thailand, the owner of designated buildings are forced to implement and administer energy program under the energy development and promotion Act 2007. Appointment person responsible for energy, performing energy management and implementing the energy conservation work plan and measures are legal requirements for the designated buildings and factories. Therefore, the pilot project of promotion and conducting the energy conservation regulation and supervision of designated government buildings was launched in 2010. In this paper, the evaluation of the project has been presented from the achievements of 803 designated government buildings. More than 2,500 energy conservation measures have been implemented with energy savings of 19,878.78 toe/year and reduction CO₂ emission about 117,213.41 tons/year.

▼ A model is proposed for the transfer of heat to non-Newtonian power-law fluids flowing in heated horizontal pipes. Comparisons with the existing models, based on the absolute-percent-arithmetic-average-deviation and the percent-standard-deviation, show that under the transitional and turbulent flow regimes the proposed correlation fits the experimental data more accurately over a wide range of flow behavior index and there are no restrictions for its use when applied to pseudoplastic fluids.

▼ Numerical solutions of conservation equations are obtained for turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids in a circular tube. The forward marching procedure of Patankar and Spalding^1 was implemented in order to obtain the simultaneous development of the velocity and temperature fields by using the apparent viscosity of fluids. Prandtl's mixing length concept is used to determine the apparent turbulent shearing stress. Furthermore, local and average Nusselt numbers are obtained in the entrance region, as well as in the fully developed region. For the case of the fully developed region, values of the Nusselt numbers are compared both with the experimental data and empirical correlations.

▼ The theory of micropolar fluids due to Eringen is used to formulate a set of equations for the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the combined convection micropolar flow in vertical channels. It is found that the microstructure and substructure parameters have significant effects on the flow and thermal fields. By making the Newtonian solvent more and more micropolar, it is possible to obtain drag reduction as well as reduced heat transfer characteristics.